Stretch Marks

Written by: Zobiana Dillsworth

Image Source: Rejuvaskin

Stretch marks are usually associated with pregnancy, but pregnant women are not the only people who can get them. These marks are indentations in the skin caused by rapid skin growth or reduction. The cause of stretch marks means that anyone, of any age, could have them. So, what are stretch marks, and why do they matter? 

Stretch marks can vary in appearance and location. Most stretch marks appear on the abdomen, breasts, hips, or buttocks, but they can show up anywhere. Additionally, they vary in color. When stretch marks first appear, they may be pink, red, black, blue, or purple. Eventually, stretch marks will fade and the indentation will reduce (4). 

When the skin experiences a rapid change, either a stretch or shrinkage, the collagen and elastin rupture, causing scarring (1). Collagen is used by the skin for cell growth, replacement, strength, and structure (2). Elastin allows for the skin to stretch without breaking, which is important for daily functions like eating (3). Stretch marks appear during the healing process of this rupture. These scars are more likely to occur during growth spurts, pregnancy, rapid weight loss, or rapid weight/muscle gain. Additionally, hormones and genetics may play a role. Because of the natural cause of stretch marks, there are no definite ways to prevent them from appearing. Research shows that suggested remedies– almond oil, cocoa butter, olive oil, and vitamin E– do not actually help, but centella and hyaluronic acid may have some effect (1).

Stretch marks are not harmful, but many dislike the way they look. In these cases, treatment may be sought. Retinoid creams are often used to fade stretch marks at a faster pace (4). Some people attempt to tan to hide their stretch marks, but this only enhances the appearance of the lines. On the other hand, self-tanner can be applied to the stretch marks to blend in with the skin. These methods do not always work, but anyone can go see their dermatologist for more advanced procedures. Chemical peels, laser therapy, microdermabrasion, radiofrequency, and ultrasounds may be performed in order to make the stretch marks less noticeable (1).

Overall, stretch marks can affect anyone, though some are more at risk than others. However, stretch marks are only really an issue in a cosmetic sense; they are harmless to the skin and body. When appearances are taken into account, stretch marks can be a problem, but dermatologists can recommend creams and medical procedures to lessen their effect. Stretch marks are natural, and no one should stress about preventing or treating them. 

References:

1. “Stretch marks: Why they appear and how to get rid of them.” American Academy of Dermatology, https://www.aad.org/public/cosmetic/scars-stretch-marks/stretch-marks-why-appear. 

2. “Collagen: What It Is, Types, Function & Benefits.” Cleveland Clinic, 23 May 2022, https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/articles/23089-collagen. 

3. Ramella, Alicia. “Elastin: Discover why your skin is resilient and how to keep it that way.” WebMD, 3 October 2022, https://www.webmd.com/skin-problems-and-treatments/elastin-what-to-know. 

4. “Stretch marks - Symptoms & causes.” Mayo Clinic, https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/stretch-marks/symptoms-causes/syc-20351139.

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