Written by: Lucky Annem
Medically reviewed by: Dr. Lohi Pratti
Keratosis pilaris, a common skin condition, causes rough, bumpy patches on the skin. It is caused by an excess production of keratin, a protein that protects the skin from infections and other harmful substances. Keratosis pilaris most commonly appears on the upper arms, thighs, and buttocks, but it can also occur on the face and other parts of the body. The presence of moderate to severe KP on the upper limbs may be associated with a lower prevalence of clinically significant acne. The bumps are usually small, skin-colored, or slightly red and may be accompanied by dry, flaky skin.
There is no cure for keratosis pilaris, but the condition can be managed with proper skin care and treatment. progresses with age. These bumps are usually white or skin-colored and may be surrounded by redness. The bumps may feel rough or scaly, and they may be itchy. In some cases, keratosis pilaris may cause a sensation of tightness or dryness in the affected areas. The condition is usually not painful, but the bumps may become inflamed if they are scratched or irritated. Keratosis pilaris is a benign condition and is not contagious, but it can be unsightly and cause discomfort or itching. Most KP cases are asymptomatic, and adolescents are more commonly affected by the condition than adults.
The exact cause of keratosis pilaris is unknown, but it is thought to be related to the body's production of keratin, a protein found in the skin, nails, and hair. When keratin builds up in the hair follicles, it can form hard plugs, or keratin plugs, that cause the bumps characteristic of keratosis pilaris. The condition is more common in people with dry skin, and it is often seen in people with atopic dermatitis (eczema). Keratosis pilaris is also more common in people with certain medical conditions, such as Down syndrome and HIV. Some people may be more prone to developing keratosis pilaris due to genetics.
There is no sure way to prevent keratosis pilaris, as the exact cause of the condition is not known. However, there are some measures you can take to help reduce your risk of developing the condition or to prevent it from worsening: moisturizing, avoiding hot showers, using gentle skin care products, using hypoallergenic soaps, not picking at the papules, exfoliating regularly, avoiding tight clothes, and wearing sunscreen. Keep your skin moisturized: dry skin can make keratosis pilaris worse, so it is important to keep your skin hydrated. Use a gentle, oil-free moisturizer on your skin, and apply it immediately after bathing to lock in moisture.
Avoid hot showers and baths: Hot water can strip the skin of its natural oils, so try to use lukewarm water instead. Avoid staying in the shower or bath for long periods of time, as this can further dry out your skin.
Use gentle skin care products: Choose skin care products that are free of alcohol, fragrances, and other harsh ingredients, as these can irritate the skin and make keratosis pilaris worse. Look for products that are specifically designed for sensitive or dry skin.
Exfoliate regularly: Exfoliating your skin can help to remove the keratin plugs that cause the bumps associated with keratosis pilaris. Use a gentle exfoliant, such as a loofah or a sponge, to gently scrub your skin, or use a chemical exfoliant, such as alpha hydroxy acids (AHAs) or beta hydroxy acids (BHAs).
Avoid tight clothing: Tight clothing can rub against your skin and irritate it, so try to wear loose-fitting, breathable clothing whenever possible. This is especially important if you have keratosis pilaris on your upper arms or thighs.
Protect your skin from the sun: Sun exposure can dry out your skin and make keratosis pilaris worse, so it is important to protect your skin from the sun. Wear broad-spectrum sunscreen with an SPF of at least 30, and reapply it every two hours or immediately after swimming or sweating.
Image Source: Doctor Hoogstra
References:
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“Keratosis Pilaris - Symptoms and Causes.” Mayo Clinic, 2022, www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/keratosis-pilaris/symptoms-causes/syc-20351149#:~:text=Keratosis%20pilaris%20(ker%2Duh%2D,t%20be%20cured%20or%20prevented...
“Keratosis Pilaris: What It Is, Causes, Symptoms & Treatment.” Cleveland Clinic, 2022, my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/17758-keratosis-pilaris.
“Keratosis Pilaris: Who Gets and Causes.” Aad.org, 2014, www.aad.org/public/diseases/a-z/keratosis-pilaris-causes.
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“What Can I Do about the Rough Skin on My Arms? (for Teens) - Nemours KidsHealth.” Kidshealth.org, 2021, kidshealth.org/en/teens/keratosis-pilaris.html.
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